空氣源熱泵與簡(jiǎn)單蒸氣壓縮循環(huán)較為相似,也由壓縮機(jī)、冷凝器、節(jié)流閥和蒸發(fā)器串聯(lián)而成,唯一的區(qū)別是在壓縮機(jī)出口設(shè)置四通閥用于制冷和熱泵模式下的制冷劑流向切換,如圖1所示。在制冷模式下,壓縮機(jī)出口排氣經(jīng)四通閥被引入室外冷凝器,制冷劑向環(huán)境空氣放熱后被冷凝成液體,之后液態(tài)制冷劑節(jié)流為低壓兩相狀態(tài),在蒸發(fā)器中吸收外側(cè)流體中的熱量,實(shí)現(xiàn)制冷效果;蒸發(fā)后的制冷劑返回到壓縮機(jī),被循環(huán)壓縮。制熱模式下,四通閥切換制冷劑流通方向,壓縮機(jī)排氣經(jīng)四通閥被引入室內(nèi)冷凝器,制冷劑向室內(nèi)空氣或流體中排熱,實(shí)現(xiàn)供暖;然后液態(tài)制冷劑經(jīng)節(jié)流為低壓兩相狀態(tài),通過(guò)室外換熱器吸收環(huán)境空氣中的熱量。
The air source heat pump is similar to the simple vapor compression cycle. It is also composed of a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator in series. The only difference is that a four-way valve is set at the outlet of the compressor for refrigerant flow switching in refrigeration and heat pump modes, as shown in figure 1. The heat is introduced into the liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor and discharged into the refrigeration mode of the four-way refrigerant after being throttled to the outside, which is cooled by the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser; The evaporated refrigerant returns to the compressor and is circularly compressed. In the heating mode, the four-way valve switches the refrigerant flow direction, the compressor exhaust is introduced into the indoor condenser through the four-way valve, and the refrigerant discharges heat into the indoor air or fluid to realize heating; Then, the liquid refrigerant is throttled to a low-pressure two-phase state, and absorbs the heat in the ambient air through the outdoor heat exchanger.